Ulaanbaatar is situated between four mountains: Bogda Khan Uul, Chingeltei Uul, Bayanzurkh Uul and Songino Khairkhan of the Khentii mountain chain, stretching from the Altan Tevsh valley of the Tuul basin, at an altitude of 4,921 feet (1,500m) above sea level latitude 47° 57' north and longitude 106° 55'. According to the Constitution of Mongolia "Ulaanbaatar is the capital city of Mongolia", and the country's main political, economic, industrial, scientific and cultural center.
Most of the city spreads from East to West along the main road, Enkh Taivny Orgon Choloo, also known as Peace Avenue. The center is Sukhbaatar Square, often simply known as 'the Square'. Sprawling suburbia is limited by the four majestic mountains that surround the city. The river to the South, the Tuul Gol, also somewhat limits the growth of suburban expansion.
Useful landmarks include the Trade & Development Bank building to the North-West of the Square, the twin towers of the Bayangol Hotel to it's South, and on top of the hill immediately to the South, the Zaisan Memorial. Around the Square are the Central Post Office and the Palace of Culture, and two blocks West of the Square is the State Department Store. Central Ulaanbaatar is defined by two ring roads; Baga Toiruu (Eittie Toiruu) and Ikh Toiruu (Big Toiruu).
The city is divided into six major districts, but there's a multitude of subdistricts and microdistricts. Mongolians rarely use the Western system of street names and numbers, so tracking down an address place can be difficult.
Most people in Ulaanbaatar live in older Soviet-style apartment blocks like this one. Individual apartments are sometimes renovated quite nicely, but hallways and other public areas can be less than pleasant. The most important quality measure of an Ulaanbaatar apartment is its heating. The heat in these buildings comes from the city, and there are no controls. Therefore one is at the mercy of The System for decent heat. Some places are 25°C in winter, but less fortunate souls have to live with 10°... The System turns on the heat on September 15, and off again on May 15, irrespective of the outside temperature. As a result it can be +30 inside in early May when it is +20 out, and +15 in late May, when it starts to snow again. |